Incorporation of antigens from whole cell lysates and purified virions from MP12 into fluorescence microsphere immunoassays for the detection of antibodies against Rift Valley fever virus

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a zoonotic virus belonging to the genus Phlebovirus and one of the five genera in the family Bunyaviridae. In ruminants, the disease is characterized by abortions, fetal deformities, and high mortality rates. Humans are also readily infected through aerosols from infected animals or by exposure to infected animal tissues, aborted foetuses, and from infected mosquitoes. 

RVFV is transmitted among ruminants and humans by direct contact with infectious tissues or by the bites of infected mosquito species of the Aedes and Culex genuses. Global warming has certainly had a great impact on the transmission patterns of RVF. Since the first outbreak in 1930, the geographical distribution of the virus has been expanded to several countries of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Now, there are growing concerns of the continued spread of RVF to other parts of the world, including the United States and European Union.

Lymphocyte subset and anti-HLA in AIDS Saudi patients

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection characterized by profound CD4+ T cell destruction compromised mucosal barrier function and chronic immune activation. In Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) considers a significant public health problem. Our study design incorporated sixty-six AIDS Saudi patients under Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART1) and after 6-12 months (HAART2), twenty healthy persons as a control. We measure subset lymphocyte cells by flow cytometry, CD3+4+ T cells, CD3+ 8+ T cells, and CD16+/CD56+ ratio were high significantly lower than controls in HARRT1 and HAART2 treatment (P ≤ 0.01). 

COBAS AmpliPrep assessed quantitation of HIV-1 RNA viral load in plasma, also Screening of Human leukocyte antigens antibodies (Panel reactive antibody (PRA)) measured by Luminex 100. There were no significant differences in class I, class II antibodies under the differences between groups, since the indication level value attained (0.311) Chi-square=4.780, and (0.104) Chi-square=4.531 respectively and these values were greater than (0.05) and inconsiderable. Contrary, the results of Class II showed considerable differences antibodies with variable gender. The level value attained (0.008), for study's Saudi women member. The more Immune-biomedical research will be needed in the future to decrease morbidity and mortality in HIV/AIDS patients.

Root tuber of Tacca leontopetaloides L. (kunze) for food and nutritional security

Root and tuber crops provide a substantial part of the world food supply and are also an important source of animal feed and industrial products. On a global basic, approximately 45% of root and tuber crop production is consumed as food, with the remainder used as animal feed or for industrial processing for products such as starch, distilled spirit, alcohol and fermented beverages including beer and a range of minor products. Millions of people in many developing countries do not have enough food to meet their daily requirements and many more are deficient in one or more micronutrients. In many cases rural communities depend on wild resources including wild edible plants to meet their food needs in periods of food shortage.